中华人民共和国外商投资法

升平网络工作室

The foreign investment law of the PRC
(Contents)

Chapter Ⅰ General Principles
Chapter Ⅱ Investment Promotion
　　Chapter Ⅲ Investment Protection
　 Chapter Ⅳ Investment Management
　 Chapter Ⅴ Legal Responsibility
Chapter Ⅵ Supplementary Articles
Chapter Ⅰ General Principles
Article 1 With a view to further expanding the opening to the outside world, positively promoting the foreign investment, protecting lawful rights and interests of foreign investment, standardizing the management of foreign investment, pushing ahead to form the pattern of all-round opening up and facilitating healthy development of socialist market economy, this law is enacted in accordance with the constitution.

Article 2 This law is applicable to foreign investment in the People's Republic of China.
The term "foreign investment" as used in this law refers to the investment activities directly or indirectly carried out by foreign natural person, enterprise or other organizations (hereinafter referred to as "foreign investors") within the territory of China, including the following situations:
(1) Foreign investor, alone or together with other investors, establish foreign-invested enterprises within the territory of China;
(2) (2) Foreign investors obtain the share, equity, property or other similar rights and interests of a domestic enterprise in China;
(3) (3) Foreign investor, alone or with other investors, invest in new projects within the territory of China;
(4) (4) Other forms of investment as prescribed by laws, administrative regulations or the state council.
The term "foreign-invested enterprises" as used in this law refers to those wholly or partly invested by foreign investors and registered in China in accordance with Chinese laws.
Article 3 The state adheres to the basic state policy of opening up and encourages foreign investors to invest in China in accordance with the law.
The state adopts a high-level policy of investment liberalization and facilitation, establishes and improves a mechanism for promoting foreign investment, and creates a stable, transparent, predictable and fair market environment for competition
Article 4 The state applies a management system of pre-establishment national treatment (PENT) plus a negative list for foreign investment.
The term "pre-establishment national treatment" refers to the treatment accorded to foreign investors and their investments not less than that accorded to domestic investors and their investments at the stage of investment establishment; The term "negative list" refers to the special administrative measures on access for foreign investment in specific fields stipulated by the state.
The negative list shall be issued or approved by the state council.
Where international treaties and agreements concluded or acceded to by the People's Republic of China provide more preferential treatment for foreign investors, relevant provisions may be followed.

Article 5 The investments of a foreign investor in China, the profits it earns and its other lawful rights and interests are protected by Chinese law.

Article 6 Foreign investors and foreign-invested Enterprises who conduct investment activities within the territory of China must abide by Chinese laws and regulations and must not engage in any activities detrimental to China's national security and public interest.
Article 7 The commercial administration and investment administration department of the state council shall, according to the assignment of responsibilities, carry out the promotion, protection and management of foreign investment. Other relevant departments under the state council shall, within the scope of their respective official duty, be responsible for the promotion, protection and administration of foreign investment
The relevant departments of the local people's governments at or above the county level shall, in accordance with laws and regulations and the division of duties as determined by the people's governments at the corresponding levels, carry out the work of promotion, protection and management of foreign investment.

Article 8 The staff and workers of foreign-invested enterprises shall legally establish labor union, carry out activities of labor union and safeguard the lawful rights and interests of the staff and workers. Foreign-invested enterprises should provide necessary conditions for their labor unions to conduct activities.

Chapter Ⅱ Investment Promotion

Article 9 All policies of the state in support of the development of foreign-invested enterprises shall be equally applied in accordance with the law.
Article 10 In formulating laws, regulations and rules relating to foreign investment, the opinions and suggestions of foreign-invested enterprises shall be solicited in an appropriate manner.
Normative documents and judicial documents relating to foreign investment shall be published in a timely manner according to law.

Article 11 The state shall establish and improve the service system for foreign investment, and provide consultation and services on laws, regulations, policies, measures and investment projects for foreign investors and foreign-invested enterprises.

Article 12 China shall establish a multilateral and bilateral mechanism of investment promotion and cooperation with other countries, regions and international organizations to strengthen international communication and cooperation in the field of investment

Article 13 The state establishes special economic zones as necessary, or implements experimental policies and measures for foreign investment in some areas to promote foreign investment and open wider to the outside world.

Article 14 In accordance with the needs of national economy and social development, the state encourages and guides foreign investors to invest in specific industries, fields and areas. Foreign investors and foreign-invested enterprises may enjoy preferential treatment in accordance with laws, administrative regulations or the provisions of the state council.
Article 15 The state ensures that foreign-invested enterprises equally participate in the formulation of standards in accordance with the law, and strengthens standard-setting information disclosure and social supervision.
Compulsory standards formulated by the state shall apply equally to foreign-invested enterprises.

Article 16 The state guarantees that foreign-invested enterprises shall participate in government procurement activities through fair competition in accordance with the law.
In accordance with the law, government procurement shall treat equally the products and services produced within the territory of China by foreign-invested enterprises.

Article 17 Foreign-invested enterprises may, in accordance with the law, raise funds through public issuance of securities such as stocks and corporate bonds and by other means.

Article 18 Local people's governments at or above the county level may, in accordance with the provisions of laws, administrative rules and local regulations, formulate policies and measures for the promotion and facilitation of foreign investment within their statutory limits of authority.

Article 19 People's governments at all levels and their departments concerned shall, in accordance with the principle of convenience, efficiency and transparency, simplify their procedures, improve their efficiency, optimize their government services and further raise the level of services for foreign investment.
The administrative departments concerned shall compile and publish guidelines on foreign investment to provide services and convenience for foreign investors and foreign-invested enterprises.

Chapter Ⅲ Investment Protection
Article 20 The state does not expropriate foreign investors' investments.
Under special circumstances, the state may, in the interest of the public, expropriate or requisition the investment of a foreign investor in accordance with the provisions of the law. Expropriation and requisition shall be conducted in accordance with legal procedures and fair and reasonable compensation shall be made in a timely manner.

Article 21 Contribution of capital, profit, capital gain, income from asset disposal, royalties for intellectual property, compensation obtained according to law and liquidation income of foreign investors within the territory of the People's Republic of China can be freely remitted in and out by RMB or foreign exchange according to law.
Article 22 The state protects the intellectual property of foreign investors and foreign-invested enterprises, and protects the lawful rights and interests of the owners of intellectual property and the relevant owners of intellectual property; Infringement of intellectual property shall be investigated for legal responsibility in strict accordance with the law.
The state encourages technical cooperation in the course of foreign investment on the basis of voluntary principle and commercial rules. The conditions for technical cooperation shall be determined by all parties of investment through consultation in accordance with the principle of fairness. No administrative organ or its personnel may use administrative means to compulsorily transfer technology.

Article 23 Administrative organs and their personnel shall, in accordance with law, keep secret about their familiar foreign investors, commercial secrets of foreign-invested enterprises in the course of performing their duties, and shall not disclose them or illegally provide them to others.

Article 24 All levels of people's governments and their relevant departments shall formulate normative documents concerning foreign investment in accordance with the provisions of laws and regulations. Without the basis of laws and administrative regulations, the lawful rights and interests of foreign-invested enterprises shall not be diminished, their obligations shall not be increased, conditions for market access and withdrawal shall not be established, and normal activities of production and operation for foreign-invested enterprises shall not be interfered.
Article 25 All levels of local people's governments and their relevant departments shall fulfill the policy commitments and the various contracts made to foreign investors and foreign-invested enterprises according to law.
When it is necessary for the national interest and public interest to change the commitments of policy and contract, it shall be proceeded in accordance with the statutory limits and procedures, and compensation shall be made to foreign investors and foreign-invested enterprises for the losses thus incurred.
Article 26 The state shall establish a complaint mechanism for foreign-invested enterprises, promptly deal with problems reported by foreign-invested enterprises or their investors, and harmoniously improve relevant policies and measures.
Where a foreign-invested enterprise or its investors believe that the acts of administrative organs and their staff have infringed upon their legitimate rights and interests, it may apply for a coordinated settlement through the complaint mechanism of the foreign-invested enterprise. In addition to the complaint mechanism of the foreign-invested enterprise, It may also apply for administrative review and bring up an administrative litigation.

Article 27 Foreign-invested enterprises may legally establish and voluntarily participate in chambers of commerce and association. Chambers of commerce and associations carry out relevant activities in accordance with the provisions of laws, regulations and rules so as to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of their members.
Chapter Ⅳ Investment Management
Article 28 Foreign investors are not allowed to invest in areas that are prohibited by negative list of access for foreign investment.
The negative list for access to foreign investment stipulates areas where investment is restricted, and foreign investors shall meet the conditions stipulated in the negative list for these restricted areas.
In areas other than the negative list for access to foreign investment, the administration shall be conducted in accordance with the principle of consistency between domestic and foreign investment

Article 29 Where foreign investment needs to be approved and put on record for investment projects, the relevant provisions of the state shall be applied.
Article 30 Where a foreign investor invests in an industry or field for which a license is required, it shall go through the relevant licensing procedures according to law.
The administrative departments concerned shall, in accordance with the conditions and procedures consistent with the domestic capital, examine and verify the application for permission of the foreign investor, except as otherwise stipulated by la

Article 31 The organizational form and activityprinciple of foreign-invested enterprises shall apply to the company law of the PRC, the partnership enterprise law of the PRC and other laws.

Article 32 In carrying out production and operation activities, foreign-invested enterprises shall abide by the provisions of the laws and administrative regulations on labor protection and social insurance to handle matters concerning taxation, accounting and foreign exchange, and accept the supervision and inspection conducted by the relevant departments.

Article 33 If a foreign investor acquires a domestic enterprise or otherwise participates in the concentration of business operators, it shall be subject to the examination of the concentration of operator in accordance with the anti-monopoly law of the PRC.
Article 34 The state shall establish a foreign-invested information reporting system. Foreign investors or foreign-invested enterprises shall submit their investment information to the commercial administrative department through the enterprise registration system and the publicity system of enterprise credit information.
The contents and scope of the foreign-invested reporting information shall be in accordance with the truly necessary principles; Investment information that can be obtained through information sharing among departments shall not be required to be submitted again.
Article 35 The state establishes the security examination system for foreign investment and conducts security examination for foreign investment that affects or may affect state security.
The decision of security review made according to law shall be final.

Chapter Ⅴ Legal Responsibility
Article 36 Where a foreign investor invests in an area prohibited by the negative list on access to foreign investment, the administrative departments concerned shall order it to stop its investment activities, dispose of its stocks and assets within a time limit or take other necessary measures to restore the status quo; If any illegal gains are obtained, the illegal gains shall be confiscated.
Where a foreign investor's investment activities violate the special administrative measures on restrictive access as stipulated in the negative list of access to foreign investment, the administrative departments concerned shall order it to make corrections within a time limit and take necessary measures to meet the requirements of the special administrative measures on access; Failure to make corrections within the time limit shall be handled in accordance with the provisions of the preceding clause.
Where a foreign investor's investment activities violate the provisions of the negative list on access to foreign investment, it shall, in addition to being handled in accordance with the provisions of the preceding two clauses, bear corresponding legal liabilities according to law.

Article 37 Where a foreign investor or a foreign-invested enterprise, in violation of the provisions of this law, fails to submit investment information in accordance with the requirements of the foreign-invested information reporting system, the commercial administration department shall order it to make corrections before the deadline. Those who fail to do so shall be imposed a fine of not less than 100,000 yuan but not more than 500,000 yuan.

Article 38 Violations of laws and regulations by foreign investors and enterprises foreign-invested shall be investigated and punished by relevant departments and recorded into the credit information system in accordance with the relevant provisions of the law.

Article 39 Any staff of the administrative organ who abuses his power，neglects his duty, practices favoritism and fraudulence, or discloses and provides familiar commercial secrets to others in the promotion, protection and management of foreign investment, shall be punished according to law; If the case constitutes a crime, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law.

Chapter Ⅵ Supplementary Articles

Article 40 Where any country or region adopts discriminatory prohibitions or restrictions or other similar measures against the PRC in respect of investment, the People's Republic of China may, in light of the actual situation, take corresponding measures against the country or region.

Article 41 Where there are other provisions for foreign investors to invest in the banking, securities, insurance and other financial sectors within the territory of China, or to make investments in the securities market, foreign exchange market and other financial markets, such provisions shall be applied.

Article 42 The foreign investment law of the PRC shall go into effect on January 1st, 2020.



中华人民共和国外商投资法
目　　录
第一章　总　　则
第二章　投资促进
第三章　投资保护
第四章　投资管理
第五章　法律责任
第六章　附　　则
第一章　总　　则
第一条　为了进一步扩大对外开放，积极促进外商投资，保护外商投资合法权益，规范外商投资管理，推动形成全面开放新格局，促进社会主义市场经济健康发展，根据宪法，制定本法。
第二条　在中华人民共和国境内（以下简称中国境内）的外商投资，适用本法。
本法所称外商投资，是指外国的自然人、企业或者其他组织（以下称外国投资者）直接或者间接在中国境内进行的投资活动，包括下列情形：
（一）外国投资者单独或者与其他投资者共同在中国境内设立外商投资企业；
（二）外国投资者取得中国境内企业的股份、股权、财产份额或者其他类似权益；
（三）外国投资者单独或者与其他投资者共同在中国境内投资新建项目；
（四）法律、行政法规或者国务院规定的其他方式的投资。
本法所称外商投资企业，是指全部或者部分由外国投资者投资，依照中国法律在中国境内经登记注册设立的企业。
第三条　国家坚持对外开放的基本国策，鼓励外国投资者依法在中国境内投资。
国家实行高水平投资自由化便利化政策，建立和完善外商投资促进机制，营造稳定、透明、可预期和公平竞争的市场环境。
第四条　国家对外商投资实行准入前国民待遇加负面清单管理制度。
前款所称准入前国民待遇，是指在投资准入阶段给予外国投资者及其投资不低于本国投资者及其投资的待遇；所称负面清单，是指国家规定在特定领域对外商投资实施的准入特别管理措施。国家对负面清单之外的外商投资，给予国民待遇。
负面清单由国务院发布或者批准发布。
中华人民共和国缔结或者参加的国际条约、协定对外国投资者准入待遇有更优惠规定的，可以按照相关规定执行。
第五条　国家依法保护外国投资者在中国境内的投资、收益和其他合法权益。
第六条　在中国境内进行投资活动的外国投资者、外商投资企业，应当遵守中国法律法规，不得危害中国国家安全、损害社会公共利益。
第七条　国务院商务主管部门、投资主管部门按照职责分工，开展外商投资促进、保护和管理工作；国务院其他有关部门在各自职责范围内，负责外商投资促进、保护和管理的相关工作。
县级以上地方人民政府有关部门依照法律法规和本级人民政府确定的职责分工，开展外商投资促进、保护和管理工作。
第八条　外商投资企业职工依法建立工会组织，开展工会活动，维护职工的合法权益。外商投资企业应当为本企业工会提供必要的活动条件。
第二章　投资促进
第九条　外商投资企业依法平等适用国家支持企业发展的各项政策。
第十条　制定与外商投资有关的法律、法规、规章，应当采取适当方式征求外商投资企业的意见和建议。
与外商投资有关的规范性文件、裁判文书等，应当依法及时公布。
第十一条　国家建立健全外商投资服务体系，为外国投资者和外商投资企业提供法律法规、政策措施、投资项目信息等方面的咨询和服务。
第十二条　国家与其他国家和地区、国际组织建立多边、双边投资促进合作机制，加强投资领域的国际交流与合作。
第十三条　国家根据需要，设立特殊经济区域，或者在部分地区实行外商投资试验性政策措施，促进外商投资，扩大对外开放。
第十四条　国家根据国民经济和社会发展需要，鼓励和引导外国投资者在特定行业、领域、地区投资。外国投资者、外商投资企业可以依照法律、行政法规或者国务院的规定享受优惠待遇。
第十五条　国家保障外商投资企业依法平等参与标准制定工作，强化标准制定的信息公开和社会监督。
国家制定的强制性标准平等适用于外商投资企业。
第十六条　国家保障外商投资企业依法通过公平竞争参与政府采购活动。政府采购依法对外商投资企业在中国境内生产的产品、提供的服务平等对待。
第十七条　外商投资企业可以依法通过公开发行股票、公司债券等证券和其他方式进行融资。
第十八条　县级以上地方人民政府可以根据法律、行政法规、地方性法规的规定，在法定权限内制定外商投资促进和便利化政策措施。
第十九条　各级人民政府及其有关部门应当按照便利、高效、透明的原则，简化办事程序，提高办事效率，优化政务服务，进一步提高外商投资服务水平。
有关主管部门应当编制和公布外商投资指引，为外国投资者和外商投资企业提供服务和便利。
第三章　投资保护
第二十条　国家对外国投资者的投资不实行征收。
在特殊情况下，国家为了公共利益的需要，可以依照法律规定对外国投资者的投资实行征收或者征用。征收、征用应当依照法定程序进行，并及时给予公平、合理的补偿。
第二十一条　外国投资者在中国境内的出资、利润、资本收益、资产处置所得、知识产权许可使用费、依法获得的补偿或者赔偿、清算所得等，可以依法以人民币或者外汇自由汇入、汇出。
第二十二条　国家保护外国投资者和外商投资企业的知识产权，保护知识产权权利人和相关权利人的合法权益；对知识产权侵权行为，严格依法追究法律责任。
国家鼓励在外商投资过程中基于自愿原则和商业规则开展技术合作。技术合作的条件由投资各方遵循公平原则平等协商确定。行政机关及其工作人员不得利用行政手段强制转让技术。
第二十三条　行政机关及其工作人员对于履行职责过程中知悉的外国投资者、外商投资企业的商业秘密，应当依法予以保密，不得泄露或者非法向他人提供。
第二十四条　各级人民政府及其有关部门制定涉及外商投资的规范性文件，应当符合法律法规的规定；没有法律、行政法规依据的，不得减损外商投资企业的合法权益或者增加其义务，不得设置市场准入和退出条件，不得干预外商投资企业的正常生产经营活动。
第二十五条　地方各级人民政府及其有关部门应当履行向外国投资者、外商投资企业依法作出的政策承诺以及依法订立的各类合同。
因国家利益、社会公共利益需要改变政策承诺、合同约定的，应当依照法定权限和程序进行，并依法对外国投资者、外商投资企业因此受到的损失予以补偿。
第二十六条　国家建立外商投资企业投诉工作机制，及时处理外商投资企业或者其投资者反映的问题，协调完善相关政策措施。
外商投资企业或者其投资者认为行政机关及其工作人员的行政行为侵犯其合法权益的，可以通过外商投资企业投诉工作机制申请协调解决。
外商投资企业或者其投资者认为行政机关及其工作人员的行政行为侵犯其合法权益的，除依照前款规定通过外商投资企业投诉工作机制申请协调解决外，还可以依法申请行政复议、提起行政诉讼。
第二十七条　外商投资企业可以依法成立和自愿参加商会、协会。商会、协会依照法律法规和章程的规定开展相关活动，维护会员的合法权益。
第四章　投资管理
第二十八条　外商投资准入负面清单规定禁止投资的领域，外国投资者不得投资。
外商投资准入负面清单规定限制投资的领域，外国投资者进行投资应当符合负面清单规定的条件。
外商投资准入负面清单以外的领域，按照内外资一致的原则实施管理。
第二十九条　外商投资需要办理投资项目核准、备案的，按照国家有关规定执行。
第三十条　外国投资者在依法需要取得许可的行业、领域进行投资的，应当依法办理相关许可手续。
有关主管部门应当按照与内资一致的条件和程序，审核外国投资者的许可申请，法律、行政法规另有规定的除外。
第三十一条　外商投资企业的组织形式、组织机构及其活动准则，适用《中华人民共和国公司法》、《中华人民共和国合伙企业法》等法律的规定。
第三十二条　外商投资企业开展生产经营活动，应当遵守法律、行政法规有关劳动保护、社会保险的规定，依照法律、行政法规和国家有关规定办理税收、会计、外汇等事宜，并接受相关主管部门依法实施的监督检查。
第三十三条　外国投资者并购中国境内企业或者以其他方式参与经营者集中的，应当依照《中华人民共和国反垄断法》的规定接受经营者集中审查。
第三十四条　国家建立外商投资信息报告制度。外国投资者或者外商投资企业应当通过企业登记系统以及企业信用信息公示系统向商务主管部门报送投资信息。
外商投资信息报告的内容和范围按照确有必要的原则确定；通过部门信息共享能够获得的投资信息，不得再行要求报送。
第三十五条　国家建立外商投资安全审查制度，对影响或者可能影响国家安全的外商投资进行安全审查。
依法作出的安全审查决定为最终决定。
第五章　法律责任
第三十六条　外国投资者投资外商投资准入负面清单规定禁止投资的领域的，由有关主管部门责令停止投资活动，限期处分股份、资产或者采取其他必要措施，恢复到实施投资前的状态；有违法所得的，没收违法所得。
外国投资者的投资活动违反外商投资准入负面清单规定的限制性准入特别管理措施的，由有关主管部门责令限期改正，采取必要措施满足准入特别管理措施的要求；逾期不改正的，依照前款规定处理。
外国投资者的投资活动违反外商投资准入负面清单规定的，除依照前两款规定处理外，还应当依法承担相应的法律责任。
第三十七条　外国投资者、外商投资企业违反本法规定，未按照外商投资信息报告制度的要求报送投资信息的，由商务主管部门责令限期改正；逾期不改正的，处十万元以上五十万元以下的罚款。
第三十八条　对外国投资者、外商投资企业违反法律、法规的行为，由有关部门依法查处，并按照国家有关规定纳入信用信息系统。
第三十九条　行政机关工作人员在外商投资促进、保护和管理工作中滥用职权、玩忽职守、徇私舞弊的，或者泄露、非法向他人提供履行职责过程中知悉的商业秘密的，依法给予处分；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。
第六章　附　　则
第四十条　任何国家或者地区在投资方面对中华人民共和国采取歧视性的禁止、限制或者其他类似措施的，中华人民共和国可以根据实际情况对该国家或者该地区采取相应的措施。
第四十一条　对外国投资者在中国境内投资银行业、证券业、保险业等金融行业，或者在证券市场、外汇市场等金融市场进行投资的管理，国家另有规定的，依照其规定。
第四十二条　本法自2020年1月1日起施行。《中华人民共和国中外合资经营企业法》、《中华人民共和国外资企业法》、《中华人民共和国中外合作经营企业法》同时废止。
本法施行前依照《中华人民共和国中外合资经营企业法》、《中华人民共和国外资企业法》、《中华人民共和国中外合作经营企业法》设立的外商投资企业，在本法施行后五年内可以继续保留原企业组织形式等。具体实施办法由国务院规定。








[来源]：http://www.luotian.gov.cn/art/2022/9/29/art_19909_1686799.html
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